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A relation R on a set A is antisymmetric if and only if R n R-1 ? {(a, a): a ? A}.
It will first be shown that if R n R-1 ? {(a, a): a ? A}, R on A is antisymmetric. Suppose R n R-1 ? {(a, a): a ? A}. Let R = {(x, y): x, y ... (read more)